ISO comparison

Sequence 01 from abbie on Vimeo.
The ISO can help you adjust the lighting on a image. If you take a picture and the image is under-exposed you can change the ISO, the higher the Iso the more light you can get in your image. However if the ISO is too high the quality of the image gets changed and you can get grain and or noise on your image. Thats why you should try and keep your ISO as low as possible, around 100 or 200. When taking an image that is under lit, you should change the shutter speed or the aperture first, as then it allows you to keep the quality of the image.

This is a screenshot (to the left) from my video, where i used a ISO of 3200. As you can see the quality of the image is low as the grain can clearly be seen.
 The screen show bellow is when i used an ISO of 200, the quality is better as their is less grain as outside it was brighter and the ISO could be kept low.




I showed the ISO changes in two videos played one after the other, with the 200 first then the 3200. I also added text in the video so the person watching the video can easily tell which ISO was used for which video. However i could have shown the videos in a more effective way by having the two videos played side by side, in red to show a direct comparison. Also in my first clip, the 200 ISO, the quality of the video isn't very good as it is slightly out of focus and the panning is shaky. I attempted to fix the handheld shake from the camera by using a warp stabiliser, but the effects are minimal when compared to the original clip.

The technical challenges that i faced during the shoot is the steadiness of the camera, i could have used a tripod to demonstrated a steady pan. I would have also preferred to show the lowest ISO which is 100, however the lighting outside wasn't great,s o the best i could film is 200. Although i managed to change the ISO with no problem and if i came to it and i did need to change the aperture or the shutter speed, i would know how to do so.

Contextual study of Italian neorealism after WW2

Italian Neorealism stylistic characteristics

• Shot in real locations, instead of studio backdrops
• Amateur/ unprofessional actors and actresses 
• Storied often tell the stories of the poor and un-wealthy 

Miracolo a Milano (1951)

Bitter rice (1949)

Bicycle thieves (1948)

Umberto D (1952)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLOr-VEjBBc





Bibliography:divadaniela (2012) CineCollage: Italian Neorealism. Available at: http://cinecollage.net/neorealism.html (Accessed: 20 September 2016).In-line Citation:(divadaniela, 2012)
Bibliography:Theme, M. and Media, rd W. 3 (2016) KEC Moodle: Log in to the site. Available at: http://moodle.kinged6nun.ac.uk/mod/resource/view.php?id=45727 (Accessed: 20 September 2016).In-line Citation:(Theme and Media, 2016)

Pull focus video evaluation

pull focus from abbie on Vimeo.

This is a screenshot of a shot from my video, everything is shot is at least slightly out of focus after the focus shift from the pipes to the sign on the stares. I didn't notice this during editing, as the unfocused shot is seen after the pull focus which means i could have cut the shot short and the unfocused shot wouldn't have been there but i didn't notice it in post production, so in the future when i am editing, i need to focus more when editing, so i don't keep having unfocused or under/ over exposed shots.


I used the effect warp stabilizer, in order to steady the scenes. As i used only hand held camera shots, which means there is slight shakey or jolts int he middle of a shot which makes it look less smooth. So the warp stabilizer helps steady the shots to make them look smoother and more natural. However there is still some light shakes throughout the video.

I like this shot because it runs smooth, the shift in focus is a smooth transition and the way the camera moves is not shake it runs smooth and clear. This is one of my better shots int he video because of the way it moves and it clearly shows the shift in focus which was the task. However their are still slight blurs in the shot where everything is slightly out of focus, this was noticed but i kept it because it was better than cutting a part out of the middle of the shot because the camera glides from one door nob to the other and so missing a bit out would make the shot jump slightly, so i kept the unfocused part in.


I added text to my video, and i also added the cross dissolve for the text to enter and exit on. I wanted to experiment with the effects and filters and by having the the text dissolve, it goes with the change of focus on screen.  I also edited the colour of my text to try and been with the background, so it doesn't distract the viewer from what i gave filmed. The trouble with getting the text is to go with he background is that the background changes and so in some shots the text does stand out more than on other shots.







The last shot on my video doesn't clearly show the pull of focus. I tried to have the focus on the door then the mannequin, however because most of the shot is underexposed it is not clearly seen. However what I do like about this shot is nearing the end a shadow comes over the mannequin and so at the end of the video it looks like a natural closing shot to a video. I would re-shoot this and get maybe a better, lower angle alongside a clearer demonstration of the pull focus. Although the video is good quality and not out of focus but still there is slight camera movements that can easily be detected.

research development of editing technology

In 1885, the cinematographe was invented by the Lumiere Brothers, this was a device that recorded, captured and projected moving images. Shortly after the Lumiere Brothers invented the cinematographe, Edwin. s. porter showed that a film didn't need to be one long take, and instead created a story that was different to the original footage story.
The film "for love of God" by D.W Griffiths was the first film with a continuity cut when a scene cut, he then developed a way to show emotion int he film, instead of just the actors shwoing. What he did was use different camera angles and changing the speed of the editing. He later went on to make "the birth of a nation" which included many camera techniques filmmaker use today like panoramic long shots, still shots, cross cutting, iris effect and panning shots.
Lev Kuleshov discovered the Kuleshov effect, which was a montage effect. The potentials of montage were explored by Eisenstein and Dziga Vertov as Eisenstein's in 1925 thought he could by using a montage in film, could explore different ideas in his film Battleship Potemkin- montage.
Before computer editing, there was analog editing. The negative of the film would be cut down and then pasted back into order, it was then put though a Moviola or K.E.M machine.

Editing on a computer is much easier and faster, because it is you can cut, paste and put togetehr all on one machine as analog you would need to cut the negatives. Many editing software's are available such as Imovie or Adobe Premier pro. When editing on these software you can also add different visual and sound effects.
Offline editing is when the raw footage gets copied and edited in post production without effecting the cameras original footage. The name offline editing is referred to when he footage is not being edited by any other device unlike online editing, which comes after the offline editing. Offline editing has been used since near the beginning of editing, however this process was usually used to assemble scenes together than final editing, as if done wrong or imperfectly, physically cutting the image could lead to the picture breaking up.
Online editing is the final editing process, which takes place after offline editing. Online editing has mainly now been taken over by computer editing software like Adobe, that have NLE (non linear editing systems). Online editing is more automatic than offline as it is under the control of another device.

how and why lighting affects camera techniques for moving image

Lighting is important to film because without the proper lighting, the shots would be under-exposed or over exposed if lighting is not done properly. There are different lighting techniques like hard lighting, warm lighting, low-key lighting.

Hard lighting is created from a single point and from a single light source, this creates a hard edge on the shadow to give it a clear shape. This is good when creating a silhouette for noir films or if the light is lite through Venetian blinds it creates shadows across a persons face this can give extra meaning to a shot.




Soft lighting creates a softer shadow on the subject or objects. There is several light sources coming from different angles. The shadow of a subject in soft lighting is faded with a gradient edge to give it the softer effect. This is often used as fill lighting to lessen the use of shadows or to make a subject look better as the lighting is not as harsh on the face.



Bibliography:Marine, J. (2013) Basic lighting lesson: Understanding hard light and soft light. Available at: http://nofilmschool.com/2013/03/basic-lighting-lesson-hard-soft-light (Accessed: 13 September 2016).In-line Citation:(Marine, 2013)

Bibliography:Theme, M. and Media, rd W. 3 (2016) KEC Moodle: Log in to the site. Available at: http://moodle.kinged6nun.ac.uk/mod/resource/view.php?id=46643 (Accessed: 13 September 2016).In-line Citation:(Theme and Media, 2016)

Bibliography:Lavideofimlmaker (2010) Film lighting techniques and tips: With pretty pictures! Available at: http://www.lavideofilmmaker.com/filmmaking/film-lighting-tips.html (Accessed: 13 September 2016).In-line Citation:(2010)

how and why lighting affects camera techniques for moving image

Lighting is important to film because without the proper lighting, the shots would be under-exposed or over exposed if lighting is not done properly. There are different lighting techniques like hard lighting, warm lighting, low-key lighting.

Hard lighting is created from a single point and from a single light source, this creates a hard edge on the shadow to give it a clear shape. This is good when creating a silhouette for noir films or if the light is lite through Venetian blinds it creates shadows across a persons face this can give extra meaning to a shot.




Soft lighting creates a softer shadow on the subject or objects. There is several light sources coming from different angles. The shadow of a subject in soft lighting is faded with a gradient edge to give it the softer effect. This is often used as fill lighting to lessen the use of shadows or to make a subject look better as the lighting is not as harsh on the face.



Bibliography:Marine, J. (2013) Basic lighting lesson: Understanding hard light and soft light. Available at: http://nofilmschool.com/2013/03/basic-lighting-lesson-hard-soft-light (Accessed: 13 September 2016).In-line Citation:(Marine, 2013)

Bibliography:Theme, M. and Media, rd W. 3 (2016) KEC Moodle: Log in to the site. Available at: http://moodle.kinged6nun.ac.uk/mod/resource/view.php?id=46643 (Accessed: 13 September 2016).In-line Citation:(Theme and Media, 2016)

Bibliography:Lavideofimlmaker (2010) Film lighting techniques and tips: With pretty pictures! Available at: http://www.lavideofilmmaker.com/filmmaking/film-lighting-tips.html (Accessed: 13 September 2016).In-line Citation:(2010)

List of lighting equipment and setups that you would use for the following...

A small documentary where portability is paramount

• Audio reorder

Inhances the volume, so everything that you have filmed can be heard

It's an extra thing to carry around and setup, this could waste time and make things harder

When going through the recordings, you may find something you missed shooting

Having an extra recording device besides from a camera can make people being filmed act less natural

• shoulder mount

It's eaier to move around to capture shots

Shots might not be as smooth as when using a tripod

• tripod

Steady shots

may waste time setting up to the correct angle and height for the shot

• LED lights

Better lit shots

takes time to setup

may put people off, if documenting people


Talking head style interviews

• Tripod

Keep the camera steady and focused on subject

having a camera placed directly in front of someone may put them off

capture everything needed without hassle of holding camera

• Reflector

Keep the lighting soft and less harsh on the subject

can be difficult to place if not know what your doing

creates a well lit head shot

A night time shoot

• Led lights

Creates lighting in order to get well lit shots

can create too much hard lighting

• Tripod

Keep the camera till for shutter speeds under 1/60 sec

can be difficult to set up to the correct hight in the dark